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A sustainable integration approach of chlor-alkali industries for the production of PVC and clean fuel hydrogen: prospects and Bangladesh perspectives

Roy, H.
; 
Barua, S.
; 
Ahmed, T.
; 
Mehnaz, F.
; 
Islam, M.S.
; 
Publication Date
2022-08
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Keywords
Chlor-alkali plant integration, Chlorine and H2 utilization, PVC market, Clean fuel, Environmental sustainability
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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
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openAccess
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2022-08-16
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Engineering and Digital Technology Publications
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Abstract
The chlor-alkali industries produce caustic soda (NaOH), chlorine (Cl2 ), and hydrogen (H2 ) as primary products. In 2021, the global chlor-alkali market was valued at $63.2 billion. The article evaluates the global aspects of chlor-alkali industries and prospects for Bangladesh. The current production capacity of NaOH from the chlor-alkali industries in Bangladesh is around 282,150 metric tons/year (MT/y). The by-products, chlorine (Cl2 ) of 250,470 MT/y and hydrogen (H2 ) of 7055 MT/y, are produced domestically. The local demand of Cl2 is 68,779 MT/y. However, there are no systematic utilizations of the residual Cl2 and vented H2 , which threatens the sustainability of the chlor-alkali industries. The article prefigures that a 150,000 MT/y PVC plant can utilize 45.2 % of residual Cl2 of chlor-alkali plants, which would be an economical and environmental milestone for Bangladesh. The residual Cl2 can earn revenue of 908 million USD/y, which can be utilized to import ethylene. For the sustainable utilization of vented H2 , production of H2O2 , fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) and H2 fuel-cell-based power plant are the feasible solutions. Thus, for the long-term growth of the chlor-alkali industry in Bangladesh and other developing countries, systematic utilization of Cl2 and H2 is the only feasible solution.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10454/19125
Version
Published version
Citation
Roy H, Barua S, Ahmed T et al (2022) A sustainable integration approach of chlor-alkali industries for the production of PVC and clean fuel hydrogen: prospects and Bangladesh perspectives. Processes. 10(8): 1638.
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https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10081638
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Article
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