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Radio wave imaging using Ultra-Wide Band Spectrum Antennas for Near-Field Applications. Design, Development, and Measurements of Ultra-Wideband Antenna for Microwave Near-Field Imaging Applications by applying Optimisation Algorithms
Danjuma, Isah M.
Danjuma, Isah M.
Publication Date
2020
End of Embargo
Supervisor
Keywords
Ultra-Wideband (UWB) antenna, Microwave imaging (MSI), Radar cross section (RCS), Finite difference time-domain (FDTD), Taper slot antenna (TSA), Ground penetrating radar (GPR), Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), Federal Communication Commission (FCC), International Telecommunications Union Radio Sector (ITU-R), Computational electromagnetic technique (CET), Radio frequency (RF)
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The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a Creative Commons Licence.
Peer-Reviewed
Open Access status
Accepted for publication
Institution
University of Bradford
Department
Faculty of Engineering and Informatics
Awarded
2020
Embargo end date
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Abstract
The emergence of Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology application has yielded tremendous and vital impacts in the field of microwave wireless communications. These applications include military radar imaging, security screening, and tumour detection, especially for early detection of breast cancer. These indicators have stimulated and inspired many researchers to make the best use of this promising technology.
UWB technology challenges such as antenna design, the problem of imaging reconstruction techniques, challenges of severe signal attenuation and dispersion in high loss material. Others are lengthy computational time demand and large computer memory requirements are prevalent constraints that need to be tackled especially in a large scale and complex computational electromagnetic analysis. In this regard, it is necessary to find out recently developed optimisation techniques that can provide solutions to these problems.
In this thesis, designing, optimisation, development, measurement, and analysis of UWB antennas for near-field microwave imaging applications are considered. This technology emulates the same concept of surface penetrating radar operating in various forms of the UWB spectrum. The initial design of UWB monopole antennas, including T-slots, rectangular slots, and hexagonal slots on a circular radiating patch, was explicitly implemented for medical imaging applications to cover the UWB frequency ranging from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz.
Based on this concept, a new bow-tie and Vivaldi UWB antennas were designed for a through-the-wall imaging application. The new antennas were designed to cover a spectrum on a lower frequency ranging from 1 GHz - 4 GHz to ease the high wall losses that will be encountered when using a higher frequency range and to guarantee deeper penetration of the electromagnetic wave. Finally, both simulated and calculated results of the designed, optimised antennas indicate excellent agreement with improved performance in terms of return loss, gain, radiation pattern, and fidelity over the entire UWB frequency. These breakthroughs provided reduced computational time and computer memory requirement for useful, efficient, reliable, and compact sensors for imaging applications, including security and breast cancer detection, thereby saving more lives.
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Type
Thesis
Qualification name
PhD