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    Technological Analysis of the World’s Earliest Shamanic Costume: A Multi-Scalar, Experimental Study of a Red Deer Headdress from the Early Holocene Site of Star Carr, North Yorkshire, UK

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    journal.pone.0152136.pdf (10.41Mb)
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    Publication date
    2016-04-13
    Author
    Little, A.
    Elliott, B.
    Conneller, C.
    Pomstra, D.
    Evans, Adrian A.
    Fitton, L.C.
    Holland, Andrew D.
    Davis, R.
    Kershaw, Rachael
    O'Connor, Sonia A.
    O'Connor, T.P.
    Sparrow, Thomas
    Wilson, Andrew S.
    Jordan, P.
    Collins, M.J.
    Colonese, A.C.
    Craig, O.E.
    Knight, R.
    Lucquin, A.J.A.
    Taylor, B.
    Milner, N.J.
    Show allShow less
    Keyword
    Shamanic costume
    Antler
    Deer skull
    Red deer headdress
    Archaeology
    Mesolithic period
    Early Holocene
    Religion
    Star Carr
    North Yorkshire
    United Kingdom
    Show allShow less
    Rights
    © 2016 Little et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    
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    Abstract
    Shamanic belief systems represent the first form of religious practice visible within the global archaeological record. Here we report on the earliest known evidence of shamanic costume: modified red deer crania headdresses from the Early Holocene site of Star Carr (c. 11 kya). More than 90% of the examples from prehistoric Europe come from this one site, establishing it as a place of outstanding shamanistic/cosmological significance. Our work, involving a programme of experimental replication, analysis of macroscopic traces, organic residue analysis and 3D image acquisition, metrology and visualisation, represents the first attempt to understand the manufacturing processes used to create these artefacts. The results produced were unexpected—rather than being carefully crafted objects, elements of their production can only be described as expedient.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/8667
    Version
    Published version
    Citation
    Little A, Elliott B, Conneller C et al (2016) Technological Analysis of the World’s Earliest Shamanic Costume: A Multi-Scalar, Experimental Study of a Red Deer Headdress from the Early Holocene Site of Star Carr, North Yorkshire, UK. PLoS ONE. 11(4): e0152136.
    Link to publisher’s version
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152136
    Type
    Article
    Collections
    Life Sciences Publications

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