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    The use of the fungus Ascochyta caulina as a biological control agent for the weed Chenopodium album. Evaluation of the bioherbicide formulation efficacy of Ascochyta caulina on different life stages of the weed plant Chenopodium album under laboratory and field conditions comparing Libyan and UK populations.

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    Thesis final draft version 2.pdf (14.97Mb)
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    Publication date
    2010-09-17T09:32:26Z
    Author
    Asshleb, Almabrouk A.
    Supervisor
    Hale, William H.G.
    Donahue, Randolph E.
    Keyword
    Mycoherbicide
    Ascochyta caulina
    Formulation
    Emulsion
    Chenopodium album
    Germination
    Biological control
    Weed population dynamics
    United Kingdom
    Libya
    Rights
    Creative Commons License
    The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a Creative Commons Licence.
    Institution
    University of Bradford
    Department
    Division of Archaeological, Geographical and Environmental Sciences
    Awarded
    2010
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Chenopodium album is considered one of the most important weeds adversely affecting agricultural production due to its highly competitive influence on field crops. Chemical herbicides have increased the efficiency of farming, but recently problems of herbicideresistant weed populations and herbicide residues in soil, water, food products and effects on non-target organisms have increased, consequently, other methods of control of weeds by using specific fungi as herbicides have been suggested. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the biological control of the weed Chenopodium album by the fungus Ascochyta caulina. Some of the factors which control dormancy and germination of Chenopodium album seeds have been investigated to understand better the weed population dynamics. The results showed that seeds from two populations (UK and Libya) differ in their response to factors such as light, chilling, and burying in soil. This could have implications for effective control of the weed in different regions. Two formulations of mycoherbicides (Tween 80 and Gelatine based applications) were tested in the laboratory, and showed promise in reducing growth of the weed, especially the formula of Tween 80. There was extensive shoot fresh and dry weight reduction of inoculated Chenopodium album, as well as reduced root growth. Highest disease severity rates were observed on plants in the first three week of life. A field trial revealed similar results but less disease severity was observed, possibly because of dry weather. However, it was concluded that the fungus Ascochyta caulina is a potentially useful biological control agent but many factors still can be modified in relation to application of the mycoherbicide to increase its efficacy.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4431
    Type
    Thesis
    Qualification name
    PhD
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