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    Human skin sandwich for assessing shunt route penetration during passive and iontophoretic drug and liposome delivery.

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    Publication date
    2002
    Author
    Essa, Ebtessam A.
    Bonner, Michael C.
    Barry, Brian W.
    Keyword
    Biological transport
    Epidermis
    Human
    Mannitol
    Estradiol
    Passive transport
    Stratum corneum
    Skin
    Permeation
    Iontophoresis
    Drug carrier
    Liposome
    Pharmaceutical technology
    Dosage form
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    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    This work explored the role of skin appendages (shunt route) in passive and iontophoretic drug and liposome penetration. The technique used an epidermis and stratum corneum sandwich from the same skin donor with the additional stratum corneum forming the top layer of the sandwich. Penetration was monitored during occluded passive and iontophoretic (0.5 mA cm-2) delivery of mannitol and estradiol solutions, and ultradeformable liposomes containing estradiol. The shunt route had a significant role during passive penetration of mannitol (hydrophilic compound), but was negligible during penetration of estradiol (lipophilic drug) and liposomes. In iontophoresis, the shunt route significantly contributed to the overall flux of all preparations, being highest for mannitol. However, shunts were not the only pathway for iontophoretic drug delivery and evidence was observed for the creation of new aqueous pathways via disorganization of the intercellular lipid domain of stratum corneum. The skin sandwich technique should prove valuable for general studies on routes of skin penetration.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4012
    Version
    No full-text available in the repository
    Citation
    Essa, E.A., Bonner, M.C. and Barry, B.W. (2002). Human skin sandwich for assessing shunt route penetration during passive and iontophoretic drug and liposome delivery. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. Vol. 54, No. 11, pp. 1481-1490.
    Link to publisher’s version
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/002235702135
    Type
    Article
    Collections
    Life Sciences Publications

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