Human skin sandwich for assessing shunt route penetration during passive and iontophoretic drug and liposome delivery.
Publication date
2002Keyword
Biological transportEpidermis
Human
Mannitol
Estradiol
Passive transport
Stratum corneum
Skin
Permeation
Iontophoresis
Drug carrier
Liposome
Pharmaceutical technology
Dosage form
Peer-Reviewed
Yes
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
This work explored the role of skin appendages (shunt route) in passive and iontophoretic drug and liposome penetration. The technique used an epidermis and stratum corneum sandwich from the same skin donor with the additional stratum corneum forming the top layer of the sandwich. Penetration was monitored during occluded passive and iontophoretic (0.5 mA cm-2) delivery of mannitol and estradiol solutions, and ultradeformable liposomes containing estradiol. The shunt route had a significant role during passive penetration of mannitol (hydrophilic compound), but was negligible during penetration of estradiol (lipophilic drug) and liposomes. In iontophoresis, the shunt route significantly contributed to the overall flux of all preparations, being highest for mannitol. However, shunts were not the only pathway for iontophoretic drug delivery and evidence was observed for the creation of new aqueous pathways via disorganization of the intercellular lipid domain of stratum corneum. The skin sandwich technique should prove valuable for general studies on routes of skin penetration.Version
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Essa, E.A., Bonner, M.C. and Barry, B.W. (2002). Human skin sandwich for assessing shunt route penetration during passive and iontophoretic drug and liposome delivery. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. Vol. 54, No. 11, pp. 1481-1490.Link to Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1211/002235702135Type
Articleae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
https://doi.org/10.1211/002235702135