Hydration processes in pastes of Roman and American Natural Cements.
Publication date
2007Keyword
Roman cementNatural cement
Rosendale cement
Prompt cement
Hydration of cements
Calcium aluminate hydrates
Porosity
Strength
Peer-Reviewed
YesOpen Access status
closedAccess
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Hydration of five Roman and American natural cements was analyzed using X-ray diffraction, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and scanning electron microscopy of cement pastes. Two cements were prepared in the laboratory by burning marls from geological sources in Poland (Folwark) and Austria (Lilienfeld). The selection of raw materials and burning conditions were optimized so that the hydraulic nature and appearance of the final burnt materials matched as closely as possible historic Roman cements widely used in the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries in Europe to decorate buildings. Three other cements are produced commercially: quick setting Prompt cement from Vicat, France, and Rosendale cements from Edison Coatings Inc., USA. The hydration of the cements studied was shown to comprise two distinct stages. The immediate setting and early strength is due to the formation of calcium aluminum oxide carbonate (or sulfate) hydroxide hydrates. The development of long-term strength is brought about by the formation of calcium silicate hydrates. Similarities and differences between the individual cements are discussed.Version
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Vyskocilova, R., Schwarz, W., Muncha, D and Hughes, D.C. et al. (2007). Hydration processes in pastes of Roman and American Natural Cements. Journal of ASTM International.(JAI). Vol. 4, No. 2, 10 pp.Link to Version of Record
https://doi.org/10.1520/JAI100669Type
Articleae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
https://doi.org/10.1520/JAI100669
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