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dc.contributor.authorMallen, Edward A.H.*
dc.contributor.authorGilmartin, B.*
dc.contributor.authorWolffsohn, J.S.*
dc.date.accessioned2009-09-08T07:10:08Z
dc.date.available2009-09-08T07:10:08Z
dc.date.issued2005
dc.identifier.citationMallen, Edward, A.H., Gilmartin, B. and Wolffsohn, J.S. (2005). Sympathetic innervation of ciliary muscle and oculomotor function in emmetropic and myopic young adults. Vision Research. Vol. 45, No. 13, pp. 1641-1651.en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10454/3392
dc.descriptionNoen
dc.description.abstractPurpose: Evidence exists for an additional inhibitory accommodative control system mediated by the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This work aims to show the relative prevalence of sympathetic inhibition in young emmetropic and myopic adults, and to evaluate the effect of sympathetic facility on accommodative and oculomotor function. Methods: Profiling of ciliary muscle innervation was carried out in 58 young adult subjects (30 emmetropes, 14 early onset myopes, 14 late onset myopes) by examining post-task open-loop accommodation responses, recorded continuously by a modified open-view infrared optometer. Measurements of amplitude of accommodation, tonic accommodation, accommodative lag at near, AC/A ratio, and heterophoria at distance and near were made to establish a profile of oculomotor function. Results: Evidence of sympathetic inhibitory facility in ciliary smooth muscle was observed in 27% of emmetropes, 21% of early-onset myopes and 29% of late-onset myopes. Twenty-six percent of all subjects demonstrated access to sympathetic facility. Closed-loop oculomotor function did not differ significantly between subjects with sympathetic facility, and those with sympathetic deficit. Conclusions: Emmetropic and myopic groups cannot be distinguished in terms of the relative proportions having access to sympathetic inhibition. Presence of sympathetic innervation does not have a significant effect on accommodative function under closed-loop viewing conditions.en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.subjectLate onset myopiaen
dc.subjectAutonomic nervous systemen
dc.subjectSympathetic inhibitionen
dc.titleSympathetic innervation of ciliary muscle and oculomotor function in emmetropic and myopic young adults.en
dc.status.refereedYesen
dc.typeArticleen
dc.type.versionNo full-text available in the repositoryen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2004.11.022


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