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    Sympathetic innervation of ciliary muscle and oculomotor function in emmetropic and myopic young adults.

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    Publication date
    2005
    Author
    Mallen, Edward A.H.
    Gilmartin, B.
    Wolffsohn, J.S.
    Keyword
    Late onset myopia
    Autonomic nervous system
    Sympathetic inhibition
    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Purpose: Evidence exists for an additional inhibitory accommodative control system mediated by the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This work aims to show the relative prevalence of sympathetic inhibition in young emmetropic and myopic adults, and to evaluate the effect of sympathetic facility on accommodative and oculomotor function. Methods: Profiling of ciliary muscle innervation was carried out in 58 young adult subjects (30 emmetropes, 14 early onset myopes, 14 late onset myopes) by examining post-task open-loop accommodation responses, recorded continuously by a modified open-view infrared optometer. Measurements of amplitude of accommodation, tonic accommodation, accommodative lag at near, AC/A ratio, and heterophoria at distance and near were made to establish a profile of oculomotor function. Results: Evidence of sympathetic inhibitory facility in ciliary smooth muscle was observed in 27% of emmetropes, 21% of early-onset myopes and 29% of late-onset myopes. Twenty-six percent of all subjects demonstrated access to sympathetic facility. Closed-loop oculomotor function did not differ significantly between subjects with sympathetic facility, and those with sympathetic deficit. Conclusions: Emmetropic and myopic groups cannot be distinguished in terms of the relative proportions having access to sympathetic inhibition. Presence of sympathetic innervation does not have a significant effect on accommodative function under closed-loop viewing conditions.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3392
    Version
    No full-text available in the repository
    Citation
    Mallen, Edward, A.H., Gilmartin, B. and Wolffsohn, J.S. (2005). Sympathetic innervation of ciliary muscle and oculomotor function in emmetropic and myopic young adults. Vision Research. Vol. 45, No. 13, pp. 1641-1651.
    Link to publisher’s version
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2004.11.022
    Type
    Article
    Collections
    Life Sciences Publications

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