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dc.contributor.authorAlnahwi, F.M.
dc.contributor.authorAbdulhameed, A.A.
dc.contributor.authorAli, N.T.
dc.contributor.authorAl-Yasir, Yasir I.A.
dc.contributor.authorKubik, Z.
dc.contributor.authorAbdullah, A.S.
dc.contributor.authorAbd-Alhameed, Raed
dc.date.accessioned2023-12-19T17:23:39Z
dc.date.accessioned2024-01-05T12:51:18Z
dc.date.available2023-12-19T17:23:39Z
dc.date.available2024-01-05T12:51:18Z
dc.date.issued2023-11
dc.identifier.citationAlnahwi FM, Abdulhameed AA, Ali NT et al (2023) A compact filtering antenna with step and continuous tuning modes for WiMAX cognitive radio communication. IEEE Access. 11: 135394-135405.
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10454/19754
dc.descriptionYes
dc.description.abstractThis work presents a combination of a cup-shaped monopole antenna and an E-shaped Multi-Mode Resonator (MMR) with the presence of a pair of PIN diodes and a varactor diode to form a compact reconfigurable communication filtering antenna for interweave Cognitive Radio (CR) systems. The proposed filtering antenna operates in the WiMAX band, and it is fabricated on an FR4 substrate with overall dimensions normalized to the wavelength ( λ o ) of the first resonant frequency (0.413λ o × 0.516λ o × 0.0165λ o ). The step and continuous tuning serve the secondary user of the WiMAX CR system to communicate in the absence of the primary users at modifiable resonant frequencies and data rates.When the PIN diodes are OFF, the filtering antenna operates with a fixed odd mode resonant frequency and tunable even mode resonant frequency. This state results in a tunable antenna bandwidth covering a maximum measured frequency range of 3.25-4.02~ GHz and a minimum measured range equal to 3.25-3.58~ GHz. The ON state of the PIN diodes eliminates the antenna matching at the even mode resonant frequency while keeping a strong matching at the odd mode resonant frequency. The resulted operational measured frequency range of the antenna in this state is fixed at 2.9-3.28~ GHz. The filtering antenna has acceptable gain values at the pass band of the E-shaped MMR with a maximum simulated gain value equal to 2.5~ dB and a measured maximum gain equal to 2.48~ dB. The simulated and measured power patterns of the antenna for all diodes states are omnidirectional, which are convenient for portable CR gadgets.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported in part by the Innovation Programme under Grant H2020-MSCA-ITN-2016 SECRET-722424, and in part by the U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under Grant EP/E022936/1.
dc.language.isoenen
dc.rights2023 The Authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectCognitive radio
dc.subjectEven and odd mode analysis
dc.subjectFiltering antenna
dc.subjectMulti-mode resonator
dc.subjectReconfigurable antenna
dc.titleA compact filtering antenna with step and continuous tuning modes for WiMAX cognitive radio communication
dc.status.refereedYes
dc.date.application2023-11-30
dc.typeArticle
dc.type.versionPublished version
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3338135
dc.rights.licenseCC-BY-NC-ND
dc.date.updated2023-12-19T17:23:41Z
refterms.dateFOA2024-01-05T12:52:29Z
dc.openaccess.statusopenAccess
dc.date.accepted2023-11-26


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