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    The Bioarchaeology of Disability: A population-scale approach to investigating disability, physical impairment, and care in archaeological communities

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    Publication date
    2022-09
    End of Embargo
    2023-07-14
    Author
    Bohling, Solange N.
    Croucher, Karina T.
    Buckberry, Jo
    Keyword
    Funerary archaeology
    Anglo-Saxon
    England
    Identity
    Early medieval
    Rights
    © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduced in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.
    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    Open Access status
    embargoedAccess
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Objective: This research introduces ‘The Bioarchaeology of Disability’ (BoD), a population-scale approach which allows for a comprehensive understanding of disability in past communities through a combination of palaeopathological, funerary, and documentary analyses. Methods: The BoD consists of three phases: 1) Contextualisation includes period-specific literature review; 2) Data collection consists of palaeopathological re-analysis of individuals with physical impairment and collation of mortuary treatment data; and 3) Analysis incorporates qualitative and quantitative comparison of the funerary treatment of individuals with and without physical impairment to explore contemporary perceptions of disability. Materials: The BoD is demonstrated through a case study investigation of disability in later Anglo-Saxon England (c.8th-11th centuries AD) which included four burial populations (Ntotal=1,543; Nimpaired=28). Results: Individuals with disability could be buried with normative or non-normative treatment (e.g., stone/clay inclusions, non-normative body positioning), and in marginal, non-marginal, and central locations. Conclusions: The overall funerary variation for individuals with disability was relatively slight, which may suggest that political and religious factors were influencing normative funerary treatment of disabled individuals. The funerary variability that was observed in disabled individuals was probably influenced by individual and community-specific beliefs. Significance: This research describes a population-scale approach to archaeological disability studies that can be replicated in other archaeological contexts. Limitations: Individuals with non-skeletal physical impairment (e.g., soft tissue, mental) cannot be analysed osteologically and are not considered by the BoD. Suggestions for further research: The BoD should be applied to different archaeological communities around the world to better understand disability in the past.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/19189
    Version
    Accepted manuscript
    Citation
    Bohling S, Croucher K and Buckberry J (2022) The Bioarchaeology of Disability: A population-scale approach to investigating disability, physical impairment, and care in archaeological communities. International Journal of Paleopathology. 38: 76-94.
    Link to publisher’s version
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpp.2022.05.006
    Type
    Article
    Notes
    The full-text of this article will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 14 July 2023.
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