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    Single-Element and MIMO Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas with Negligible Back Radiation for 5G Mid-Band Handsets

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    Publication date
    2022-04
    Author
    Alnahwi, F.M.
    Al-Yasir, Yasir I.A.
    See, C.H.
    Abd-Alhameed, Raed A.
    Keyword
    Microstrip antenna
    Circular polarization
    Axial ratio
    Reflection coefficient
    Mutual coupling
    Rights
    © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).
    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    Open Access status
    openAccess
    
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    Abstract
    In this paper, single-element and MIMO microstrip antenna with two pairs of unequal slits is proposed as a circularly polarized antenna with negligible back radiation for 5G mid-band handsets. The unequal pairs of slits are engraved on the antenna patch to guarantee the presence of the circular polarization (CP). The proximity-coupled feeding technique is used to excite the proposed microstrip antenna in order to provide larger antenna -10 dB bandwidth which approaches 10.8% (3.48-3.87 GHz). A novel analysis technique is proposed in this paper that demonstrates the 3D axial ratio pattern in order to generate CP in the broadside direction without affecting the structure of the ground plane which ensures weak back radiation. The 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) is found to be equal to 4.1% extended along the range (3.58-3.73 GHz). To make the design more compatible with the 5G mid-band handsets, the 2 × 2 MIMO structure of the proposed antenna with reduced mutual coupling (less than -20 dB) is also presented in this work. The simulation and measured results are in good agreement, and both verify the CP characteristics and the weak back radiation of the proposed antenna.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18970
    Version
    Published version
    Citation
    Alnahwi FM, Al-Yasir YIA, See CH et al (2022) Single-Element and MIMO Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas with Negligible Back Radiation for 5G Mid-Band Handsets. Sensors. 22(8): 3067.
    Link to publisher’s version
    https://doi.org/10.3390/s22083067
    Type
    Article
    Collections
    Engineering and Informatics Publications

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