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dc.contributor.authorShivshetty, N.
dc.contributor.authorSwift, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorPinnock, A.
dc.contributor.authorPownall, D.
dc.contributor.authorMacNeil, S.
dc.contributor.authorDouglas, I.
dc.contributor.authorGarg, P.
dc.contributor.authorRimmer, Stephen
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-24T11:55:41Z
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-29T11:57:03Z
dc.date.available2022-03-24T11:55:41Z
dc.date.available2022-03-29T11:57:03Z
dc.date.issued2022-01
dc.identifier.citationShivshetty N, Swift T, Pinnock A et al (2022) Evaluation of ligand modified poly (N-Isopropyl acrylamide) hydrogel for etiological diagnosis of corneal infection. Experimental Eye Research. 214: 108881.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10454/18819
dc.descriptionYesen_US
dc.description.abstractCorneal ulcers, a leading cause of blindness in the developing world are treated inappropriately without prior microbiology assessment because of issues related to availability or cost of accessing these services. In this work we aimed to develop a device for identifying the presence of Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria or fungi that can be used by someone without the need for a microbiology laboratory. Working with branched poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM) tagged with Vancomycin, Polymyxin B, or Amphotericin B to bind Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi respectively, grafted onto a single hydrogel we demonstrated specific binding of the organisms. The limit of detection of the microbes by these polymers was between 10 and 4 organisms per high power field (100X) for bacteria and fungi binding polymers respectively. Using ex vivo and animal cornea infection models infected with bacteria, fungi or both we than demonstrated that the triple functionalised hydrogel could pick up all 3 organisms after being in place for 30 min. To confirm the presence of bacteria and fungi we used conventional microbiology techniques and fluorescently labelled ligands or dyes. While we need to develop an easy-to-use either a colorimetric or an imaging system to detect the fluorescent signals, this study presents for the first time a simple to use hydrogel system, which can be applied to infected eyes and specifically binds different classes of infecting agents within a short space of time. Ultimately this diagnostic system will not require trained microbiologists for its use and will be used at the point-of-care.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipWe gratefully acknowledge support for this research by the Well- come Trust which provided funding for Shivshetty, Swift and Pinnock (Grant 0998800/B/12/Z).en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.rights© 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)en_US
dc.subjectCorneal infectionsen_US
dc.subjectPoly N isopropyl Acrylamide (PNIPAM)en_US
dc.subjectHydrogelen_US
dc.subjectEx vivo corneal infection modelen_US
dc.subjectFluorescence imagingen_US
dc.subjectVancomycin Polymyxin Ben_US
dc.subjectAmphotericin Ben_US
dc.titleEvaluation of ligand modified poly (N-Isopropyl acrylamide) hydrogel for etiological diagnosis of corneal infectionen_US
dc.status.refereedYesen_US
dc.date.Accepted2021-11-30
dc.date.application2021-12-03
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.type.versionPublished versionen_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2021.108881
dc.rights.licenseCC-BYen_US
dc.date.updated2022-03-24T11:55:43Z
refterms.dateFOA2022-03-29T11:58:26Z
dc.openaccess.statusopenAccessen_US


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