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    Death, disability, and diversity: An investigation of physical impairment and differential mortuary treatment in Anglo-Saxon England

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    PhD Thesis Volume 1 (17.76Mb)
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    PhD Thesis Volume 2 (16.06Mb)
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    Appendix 1- Comparison of previous osteological data and demographic analysis.pdf (3.138Mb)
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    Appendix 2- Comparison of funerary treatment between age and sex groups.pdf (3.642Mb)
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    Appendix 3 (41.95Mb)
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    Appendix 4 (1.986Mb)
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    Appendix 5 (308.6Kb)
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    Publication date
    2020
    Author
    Bohling, Solange N.
    Supervisor
    Buckberry, Jo
    Croucher, Karina T.
    Keyword
    Anglo-Saxon
    Early-Medieval
    Palaeopathology
    Physical impairment
    Disability
    Care
    Funerary archaeology
    Christianity
    Conversion
    Rights
    Creative Commons License
    The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a Creative Commons Licence.
    Institution
    University of Bradford
    Department
    School of Archaeological and Forensic Sciences
    Awarded
    2020
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Until recently, individuals with physical impairment have been overlooked within the field of archaeology due to the controversy surrounding the topics of disability and care in the past. The current research adds to the growing body of archaeological disability studies with an exploration of physical impairment and the possibility of disability-related care in Anglo-Saxon England (5th-11th centuries AD), utilising palaeopathological, funerary, and documentary analyses. Palaeopathological analysis of 86 individuals with physical impairment from 19 Anglo-Saxon cemetery populations (nine early, five middle, and five later) was performed, and the possibility of disability-related care was explored for several individuals. The mortuary treatment data (e.g. grave orientation, body position, grave good inclusion) was gathered for the entire burial population at each site (N=3,646), and the funerary treatment of the individuals with and without physical impairment was compared statistically and qualitatively, both within and between the Anglo-Saxon periods. No obvious mortuary differentiation of individuals with physical impairment was observed, although several patterns were noted. In three early Anglo-Saxon cemeteries, spatial association between individuals with physical impairment, non-adults, and females was observed. Early Anglo-Saxon individuals with physical impairment were more frequently buried in marginal locations, and two such individuals were buried in isolation. In the middle and later Anglo-Saxon periods, the funerary treatment of individuals with physical impairment became less variable, they were less frequently buried in marginal locations, and at three middle Anglo-Saxon cemeteries, they were buried in association with socially significant features in the cemetery landscape. The provision of care to ensure survival was not necessary for a majority of the individuals with physical impairment, but several individuals (lower limb paralysis, mental impairment) may have received regular, long-term care. This research proposes that the decreasing variability of mortuary treatment of individuals with physical impairment observed throughout the Anglo-Saxon period suggests that more variable attitudes about disability existed both within and between early Anglo-Saxon communities, while the political, social, and religious unification starting in the middle Anglo-Saxon period may have led to the development of more standardised perceptions of disability in later Anglo-Saxon England.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18324
    Type
    Thesis
    Qualification name
    PhD
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    Theses

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