BRADFORD SCHOLARS

    • Sign in
    View Item 
    •   Bradford Scholars
    • Life Sciences
    • Life Sciences Publications
    • View Item
    •   Bradford Scholars
    • Life Sciences
    • Life Sciences Publications
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    All of Bradford ScholarsCommunitiesAuthorsTitlesSubjectsPublication DateThis CollectionAuthorsTitlesSubjectsPublication Date

    My Account

    Sign in

    HELP

    Bradford Scholars FAQsCopyright Fact SheetPolicies Fact SheetDeposit Terms and ConditionsDigital Preservation Policy

    Statistics

    Most Popular ItemsStatistics by CountryMost Popular Authors

    Effect of Education on Myopia: Evidence from the United Kingdom ROSLA 1972 Reform

    • CSV
    • RefMan
    • EndNote
    • BibTex
    • RefWorks
    Thumbnail
    View/Open
    plotnikov_et_al_2020 (511.7Kb)
    Download
    Publication date
    2020-09-04
    Author
    Plotnikov, D.
    Williams, C.
    Atan, D.
    Davies, N.M.
    Ghorbani Mojarrad, Neema
    Guggenheim, J.A.
    Keyword
    Refractive error
    Myopia
    Education
    Regression discontinuity
    UK Biobank
    Rights
    (c) 2020 The Authors. This is an Open Access article distributed under the Creative Commons CC-BY license (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License)
    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have consistently reported an association between education and myopia. However, conventional observational studies are at risk of bias due to confounding by factors such as socioeconomic position and parental educational attainment. The current study aimed to estimate the causal effect of education on refractive error using regression discontinuity analysis. Methods: Regression discontinuity analysis was applied to assess the influence on refractive error of the raising of the school leaving age (ROSLA) from 15 to 16 years introduced in England and Wales in 1972. For comparison, a conventional ordinary least squares (OLS) analysis was performed. The analysis sample comprised 21,548 UK Biobank participants born in a nine-year interval centered on September 1957, the date of birth of those first affected by ROSLA. Results: In OLS analysis, the ROSLA 1972 reform was associated with a −0.29 D (95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.36 to −0.21, P < 0.001) more negative refractive error. In other words, the refractive error of the study sample became more negative by −0.29 D during the transition from a minimum school leaving age of 15 to 16 years of age. Regression discontinuity analysis estimated the causal effect of the ROSLA 1972 reform on refractive error as −0.77 D (95% CI: −1.53 to −0.02, P = 0.04). Conclusions: Additional compulsory schooling due to the ROSLA 1972 reform was associated with a more negative refractive error, providing additional support for a causal relationship between education and myopia.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18028
    Version
    Published version
    Citation
    Plotnikov D, Williams C, Atan D et al for the UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium (2020) Effect of Education on Myopia: Evidence from the United Kingdom ROSLA 1972 Reform. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 6(11): 7.
    Link to publisher’s version
    https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.61.11.7
    Type
    Article
    Collections
    Life Sciences Publications

    entitlement

     
    DSpace software (copyright © 2002 - 2023)  DuraSpace
    Quick Guide | Contact Us
    Open Repository is a service operated by 
    Atmire NV
     

    Export search results

    The export option will allow you to export the current search results of the entered query to a file. Different formats are available for download. To export the items, click on the button corresponding with the preferred download format.

    By default, clicking on the export buttons will result in a download of the allowed maximum amount of items.

    To select a subset of the search results, click "Selective Export" button and make a selection of the items you want to export. The amount of items that can be exported at once is similarly restricted as the full export.

    After making a selection, click one of the export format buttons. The amount of items that will be exported is indicated in the bubble next to export format.