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dc.contributor.authorMelo, P.
dc.contributor.authorFerreira, A-M.
dc.contributor.authorWaldron, K.
dc.contributor.authorSwift, Thomas
dc.contributor.authorGentile, P.
dc.contributor.authorMagallanes, M.
dc.contributor.authorMarshall, M.
dc.contributor.authorDalgarno, K.
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-15T11:35:30Z
dc.date.accessioned2020-07-08T11:03:18Z
dc.date.available2020-06-15T11:35:30Z
dc.date.available2020-07-08T11:03:18Z
dc.date.issued2019-11
dc.identifier.citationMelo P, Ferreira A-M, Waldron K et al (2019) Osteoinduction of 3D printed particulate and short-fibre reinforced composites produced using PLLA and apatite-wollastonite. Composites Science and Technology. 184: 107834.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10454/17910
dc.descriptionYesen_US
dc.description.abstractComposites have clinical application for their ability to mimic the hierarchical structure of human tissues. In tissue engineering applications the use of degradable biopolymer matrices reinforced by bioactive ceramics is seen as a viable process to increase osteoconductivity and accelerate tissue regeneration, and technologies such as additive manufacturing provide the design freedom needed to create patient-specific implants with complex shapes and controlled porous structures. In this study a medical grade poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) was used as matrix while apatite-wollastonite (AW) was used as reinforcement (5 wt% loading). Premade rods of composite were pelletized and processed to create a filament with an average diameter of 1.6 mm, using a twin-screw extruder. The resultant filament was 3D printed into three types of porous woodpile samples: PLLA, PLLA reinforced with AW particles, and PLLA with short AW fibres. None of the samples degraded in phosphate buffered solution over a period of 8 weeks, and an average effective modulus of 0.8 GPa, 1 GPa and 1.5 GPa was obtained for the polymer, particle and fibre composites, respectively. Composite samples immersed in simulated body fluid exhibited bioactivity, producing a surface apatite layer. Furthermore, cell viability and differentiation were demonstrated for human mesenchymal stromal cells for all sample types, with mineralisation detected solely for biocomposites. It is concluded that both composites have potential for use in critical size bone defects, with the AW fibre composite showing greater levels of ion release, stimulating more rapid cell proliferation and greater levels of mineralisation.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe research was funded in part by the UK EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing (EP/L01534X/1), the UK EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacture in Medical Devices (EP/K029592/1), and Glass Technology Services Ltd., Sheffield, UK.en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.relation.isreferencedbyhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2019.107834en_US
dc.rights© 2019 Elsevier Ltd. Reproduced in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.
dc.subjectGlass fibresen_US
dc.subjectPolymer-matrix compositesen_US
dc.subjectShort-fibre compositesen_US
dc.subjectParticle reinforced compositesen_US
dc.subject3D printingen_US
dc.titleOsteoinduction of 3D printed particulate and short-fibre reinforced composites produced using PLLA and apatite-wollastoniteen_US
dc.status.refereedYesen_US
dc.date.Accepted2019-09-24
dc.date.application2019-09-25
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.type.versionAccepted Manuscripten_US
dc.date.updated2020-06-15T10:35:31Z


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