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    A novel application of deep learning with image cropping: a smart cities use case for flood monitoring

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    Publication date
    2020-03
    Author
    Mishra, Bhupesh K.
    Thakker, Dhaval
    Mazumdar, S.
    Neagu, Daniel
    Gheorghe, Marian
    Simpson, Sydney
    Keyword
    Image classification
    Deep learning
    DCNN
    IoT sensors
    Drainage blockage
    Rights
    © The Author(s) 2020. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecomm ons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    
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    Abstract
    Event monitoring is an essential application of Smart City platforms. Real-time monitoring of gully and drainage blockage is an important part of flood monitoring applications. Building viable IoT sensors for detecting blockage is a complex task due to the limitations of deploying such sensors in situ. Image classification with deep learning is a potential alternative solution. However, there are no image datasets of gullies and drainages. We were faced with such challenges as part of developing a flood monitoring application in a European Union-funded project. To address these issues, we propose a novel image classification approach based on deep learning with an IoT-enabled camera to monitor gullies and drainages. This approach utilises deep learning to develop an effective image classification model to classify blockage images into different class labels based on the severity. In order to handle the complexity of video-based images, and subsequent poor classification accuracy of the model, we have carried out experiments with the removal of image edges by applying image cropping. The process of cropping in our proposed experimentation is aimed to concentrate only on the regions of interest within images, hence leaving out some proportion of image edges. An image dataset from crowd-sourced publicly accessible images has been curated to train and test the proposed model. For validation, model accuracies were compared considering model with and without image cropping. The cropping-based image classification showed improvement in the classification accuracy. This paper outlines the lessons from our experimentation that have a wider impact on many similar use cases involving IoT-based cameras as part of smart city event monitoring platforms.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17664
    Version
    Published version
    Citation
    Mishra BK, Thakker D, Mazumdar S et al (2020) A novel application of deep learning with image cropping: a smart city use case for flood monitoring. Journal of Reliable Intelligent Environments. 6(1): 51-61.
    Link to publisher’s version
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s40860-020-00099-x
    Type
    Article
    Collections
    Engineering and Informatics Publications

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