BRADFORD SCHOLARS

    • Sign in
    View Item 
    •   Bradford Scholars
    • Life Sciences
    • Life Sciences Publications
    • View Item
    •   Bradford Scholars
    • Life Sciences
    • Life Sciences Publications
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    All of Bradford ScholarsCommunitiesAuthorsTitlesSubjectsPublication DateThis CollectionAuthorsTitlesSubjectsPublication Date

    My Account

    Sign in

    HELP

    Bradford Scholars FAQsCopyright Fact SheetPolicies Fact SheetDeposit Terms and ConditionsDigital Preservation Policy

    Statistics

    Most Popular ItemsStatistics by CountryMost Popular Authors

    Synthesis by extrusion: continuous, large-scale preparation of MOFs using little or no solvent

    • CSV
    • RefMan
    • EndNote
    • BibTex
    • RefWorks
    Thumbnail
    View/Open
    Crawford_Chemical_Science (736.7Kb)
    Download
    Publication date
    2015-03
    Author
    Crawford, Deborah E.
    Casaban, J.
    Haydon, R.
    Giri, N.
    McNally, T.
    James, S.L.
    Keyword
    Metal organic frameworks (MOFs)
    Mechanochemistry
    Twin screw and single screw extrusion
    Synthesis
    Rights
    Open Access Article. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.
    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Grinding solid reagents under solvent-free or low-solvent conditions (mechanochemistry) is emerging as a general synthetic technique which is an alternative to conventional solvent-intensive methods. However, it is essential to find ways to scale-up this type of synthesis if its promise of cleaner manufacturing is to be realised. Here, we demonstrate the use of twin screw and single screw extruders for the continuous synthesis of various metal complexes, including Ni(salen), Ni(NCS)2(PPh3)2 as well as the commercially important metal organic frameworks (MOFs) Cu3(BTC)2 (HKUST-1), Zn(2-methylimidazolate)2 (ZIF-8, MAF-4) and Al(fumarate)(OH). Notably, Al(fumarate)(OH) has not previously been synthesised mechanochemically. Quantitative conversions occur to give products at kg h−1 rates which, after activation, exhibit surface areas and pore volumes equivalent to those of materials produced by conventional solvent-based methods. Some reactions can be performed either under completely solvent-free conditions whereas others require the addition of small amounts of solvent (typically 3–4 mol equivalents). Continuous neat melt phase synthesis is also successfully demonstrated by both twin screw and single screw extrusion for ZIF-8. The latter technique provided ZIF-8 at 4 kg h−1. The space time yields (STYs) for these methods of up to 144 × 103 kg per m3 per day are orders of magnitude greater than STYs for other methods of making MOFs. Extrusion methods clearly enable scaling of mechanochemical and melt phase synthesis under solvent-free or low-solvent conditions, and may also be applied in synthesis more generally.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17639
    Version
    Published version
    Citation
    Crawford D, Casaban J, Haydon R et al (2015) Synthesis by extrusion: continuous, large-scale preparation of MOFs using little or no solvent. Chemical Science. 6(3): 1645-1649.
    Link to publisher’s version
    https://doi.org/10.1039/C4SC03217A
    Type
    Article
    Collections
    Life Sciences Publications

    entitlement

     
    DSpace software (copyright © 2002 - 2023)  DuraSpace
    Quick Guide | Contact Us
    Open Repository is a service operated by 
    Atmire NV
     

    Export search results

    The export option will allow you to export the current search results of the entered query to a file. Different formats are available for download. To export the items, click on the button corresponding with the preferred download format.

    By default, clicking on the export buttons will result in a download of the allowed maximum amount of items.

    To select a subset of the search results, click "Selective Export" button and make a selection of the items you want to export. The amount of items that can be exported at once is similarly restricted as the full export.

    After making a selection, click one of the export format buttons. The amount of items that will be exported is indicated in the bubble next to export format.