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dc.contributor.authorFarrar, M.D.*
dc.contributor.authorMughal, M.Z.*
dc.contributor.authorAdams, Jenny E.*
dc.contributor.authorWilkinson, J.*
dc.contributor.authorBerry, J.L.*
dc.contributor.authorEdwards, Lisa*
dc.contributor.authorKift, R.*
dc.contributor.authorMarjanovic, E.*
dc.contributor.authorVail, A.*
dc.contributor.authorWebb, A.R.*
dc.contributor.authorRhodes, L.E.*
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-17T15:13:37Z
dc.date.available2018-01-17T15:13:37Z
dc.date.issued2016-08-01
dc.identifier.citationFarrar MD, Mughal MZ, Adams JE et al (2016) Sun exposure behaviour, seasonal vitamin D deficiency, and relationship to bone health in adolescents. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 101(8): 3105-3113.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10454/14541
dc.descriptionYesen_US
dc.description.abstractContext: Vitamin D is essential for bone health in adolescence, where there is rapid bone mineral content accrual. As cutaneous sun-exposure provides vitamin D, there is no recommended oral intake for UK adolescents. Objective: Assess seasonal vitamin D status and its contributors in white Caucasian adolescents, and examine bone health in those found deficient. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Six schools in Greater Manchester, UK. Participants: 131 adolescents, 12–15 years. Intervention(s): Seasonal assessment of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), personal sunexposure and dietary vitamin D. Adolescents deficient (25OHD <10 ng/mL/25 nmol/L) in ≥one season underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (lumbar spine, femoral neck), with bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) correction for size, and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (distal radius) for volumetric (v)BMD. Main Outcome Measure: Serum 25OHD; BMD. Results: Mean 25OHD was highest in September: 24.1 (SD 6.9) ng/mL and lowest in January: 15.5 (5.9) ng/mL. Over the year, 16% were deficient in ≥one season and 79% insufficient (25OHD <20 ng/mL/50 nmol/L) including 28% in September. Dietary vitamin D was low year-round while personal sun-exposure was seasonal and predominantly across the school week. Holidays accounted for 17% variation in peak 25OHD (p<0.001). Nineteen adolescents underwent bone assessment, which showed low femoral neck BMAD versus matched reference data (p=0.0002), 3 with Z≤ -2.0 distal radius trabecular vBMD. Conclusions: Sun-exposure levels failed to provide adequate vitamin D, ~one-quarter adolescents insufficient even at summer-peak. Seasonal vitamin D deficiency was prevalent and those affected had low BMD. Recommendations on vitamin D acquisition are indicated in this age-group.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe Bupa Foundation (Grant number TBF-M10-017).en_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.rights© 2016 by the Endocrine Society. Reproduced in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism following peer review. The definitive publisherauthenticated version [Farrar MD, Mughal MZ, Adams JE et al (2016) Sun exposure behaviour, seasonal vitamin D deficiency, and relationship to bone health in adolescents. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 101(8): 3105-3113.] is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-1559en_US
dc.subjectVitamin D; Adolescent; Sunlight exposure; Bone healthen_US
dc.titleSun exposure behaviour, seasonal vitamin D deficiency, and relationship to bone health in adolescentsen_US
dc.status.refereedYesen_US
dc.date.Accepted2016-05-20
dc.date.application2016-08-01
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.type.versionAccepted Manuscripten_US
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-1559
refterms.dateFOA2018-07-29T03:45:05Z


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