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    The Functional Dissection of Motion Processing Pathways in the Human Visual Cortex Using fMRI-Guided TMS

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    PhD Thesis (4.167Mb)
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    Publication date
    2015
    Author
    Strong, Samantha Louise
    Supervisor
    McKeefry, Declan J.
    Keyword
    V5/MT; Function; TO-1; TO-2; Motion perception; V3A; Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
    Rights
    Creative Commons License
    The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a Creative Commons Licence.
    Institution
    University of Bradford
    Department
    Department of Optometry and Vision Science
    Awarded
    2015
    
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    Abstract
    Motion-selectivity in human visual cortex comprises a number of different cortical loci including V1, V2, V3A, V3B, hV5/MT+ and V6 (Wandell et al., 2007). This thesis sought to investigate the specific functions of V3A and sub-divisions of hV5/MT+ (TO-1 and TO-2) by using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to transiently disrupt cortical activations within these areas during psychophysical tasks of motion perception. The tasks were chosen to coincide with previous non-human primate and human neuroimaging literature; translational, radial and rotational direction discrimination tasks and identification of the position of a focus of expansion. These results assert that TO-1 and TO-2 are functionally distinct subdivisions of hV5/MT+, as we have shown that both TO-1 and TO-2 are responsible for processing translational motion direction whilst only TO-2 is responsible for processing radial motion direction. In ipsilateral space, it was found that TO-1 and TO-2 both contribute to the processing of ipsilateral translational motion. Taken in a wider context, further results also suggested that these areas may form part of a network of cortical areas contributing to perception of self-motion (heading/egomotion), as TO-2 was not found to be responsible for processing the position of the central focus of expansion (imperative for self-direction). Instead, area V3A has been implicated as functionally responsible for processing this attribute of vision. Overall it is clear that TO-1, TO-2 and V3A have specific, distinct functions that contribute towards both parallel and serial motion processing pathways within the human brain.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/14426
    Type
    Thesis
    Qualification name
    PhD
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    Theses

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