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    Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in genotoxicology

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    Publication date
    2013
    Author
    Baumgartner, Adolf
    Keyword
    Comparative genomic hybridisation; CGH; Array CGH; Microarray; Genomic imbalances; Genotoxicology
    Peer-Reviewed
    Yes
    
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    In the past two decades comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and array CGH have become crucial and indispensable tools in clinical diagnostics. Initially developed for the genome-wide screening of chromosomal imbalances in tumor cells, CGH as well as array CGH have also been employed in genotoxicology and most recently in toxicogenomics. The latter methodology allows a multi-endpoint analysis of how genes and proteins react to toxic agents revealing molecular mechanisms of toxicology. This chapter provides a background on the use of CGH and array CGH in the context of genotoxicology as well as a protocol for conventional CGH to understand the basic principles of CGH. Array CGH is still cost intensive and requires suitable analytical algorithms but might become the dominating assay in the future when more companies provide a large variety of different commercial DNA arrays/chips leading to lower costs for array CGH equipment as well as consumables such as DNA chips. As the amount of data generated with microarrays exponentially grows, the demand for powerful adaptive algorithms for analysis, competent databases, as well as a sound regulatory framework will also increase. Nevertheless, chromosomal and array CGH are being demonstrated to be effective tools for investigating copy number changes/variations in the whole genome, DNA expression patterns, as well as loss of heterozygosity after a genotoxic impact. This will lead to new insights into affected genes and the underlying structures of regulatory and signaling pathways in genotoxicology and could conclusively identify yet unknown harmful toxicants.
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10454/10121
    Version
    No full-text available in the repository
    Citation
    Baumgartner A (2013) Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) in genotoxicology. In: Dhawan A and Bajpayee M (Eds) Genotoxicity Assessment. (Methods in Molecular Biology) New York: Humana/Springer: 245-268.
    Link to publisher’s version
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-529-3_13
    Type
    Book chapter
    Collections
    Life Sciences Publications

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