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Exercise, appetite and weight management: understanding the compensatory responses in eating behaviour and how they contribute to variability in exercise-induced weight loss.
King, N. Horner, K. Byrne, N. Wood, R. Bryant, Eleanor J. Caudwell, P. Finlayson, G. Gibbons, C. Hopkins, M. Martins, C.
King, N.
Horner, K.
Byrne, N.
Wood, R.
Bryant, Eleanor J.
Caudwell, P.
Finlayson, G.
Gibbons, C.
Hopkins, M.
Martins, C.
Publication Date
19/05/2011
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© 2011 BMJ Publishing. Reproduced in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy.
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Accepted for publication
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Abstract
Does exercise promote weight loss? One of the key
problems with studies assessing the effi cacy of
exercise as a method of weight management and obesity
is that mean data are presented and the individual
variability in response is overlooked. Recent data have
highlighted the need to demonstrate and characterise the
individual variability in response to exercise. Do people
who exerc ise compensate for the increase in energy
expenditure via compensatory increases in hunger and
food intake? The authors address the physiological,
psychological and behavioural factors potentially involved
in the relationship between exercise and appetite, and
identify the research questions that remain unanswered.
A negative consequence of the phenomena of individual
variability and compensatory responses has been the
focus on those who lose little weight in response to
exercise; this has been used unreasonably as evidence
to suggest that exercise is a futile method of controlling
weight and managing obesity. Most of the evidence
suggests that exercise is useful for improving body composition
and health. For example, when exercise-induced
mean weight loss is <1.0 kg, signifi cant improvements
in aerobic capacity (+6.3 ml/kg/min), systolic (¿6.00
mm Hg) and diastolic (¿3.9 mm Hg) blood pressure,
waist circumference (¿3.7 cm) and positive mood still
occur. However, people will vary in their responses to
exercise; understanding and characterising this variability
will help tailor weight loss strategies to suit individuals.
Version
published version paper
Citation
King N., Horner, K., Hills, A. P., Byrne, N., Wood, R., Bryant, E. J., Caudwell, P., Finlayson, G., Gibbons, C., Hopkins, M., Martins, C. and Blundell, J. E. (2011). Exercise, appetite and weight management: understanding the compensatory responses in eating behaviour and how they contribute to variability in exercise-induced weight loss. British Journal of Sports Medicine. Vol 46, pp. 315-322.
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Article