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Natural organic matter (NOM) and turbidity removal by plant-based coagulants: A review

Okoro, B. U.
; 
Sharifi, S.
; 
Jesson, M. A.
; 
Bridgeman, John
Publication Date
2021
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Keywords
Coagulation-flocculation, Coagulant, Drinking water, Organic matter, Compounds extraction and purification, Natural organic matter (NOM)
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© 2021 Elsevier. Reproduced in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.
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yes
Open Access status
Green
Accepted for publication
2021-10-12
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Engineering and Digital Technology Publications
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Abstract
NOM deteriorates water quality by forming taste, clarification, colour, and odour problems. It also increases coagulant and chlorine consumption which can initiate disinfection by-products harmful to human health. The coagulation-flocculation (CF) technique is an established method commonly employed to remove NOM in water treatment. Plant-based coagulant products (PCPs) derived from plants like the Moringa oleifera (MO) Strychnos potatorum Linn and Opuntia ficus indica, have been studied and proposed as sustainable alternatives to chemical coagulant, like, aluminium sulphate due to their abundant availability, low cost, low sludge volume and disposal cost, and biodegradability. This review paper provides an overview of the most widely studied plant-based coagulants and discusses their NOM and turbidity removal. It investigates recent analytical tools applied in their characterisation and floc morphological studies. The paper also investigates the effects of operating parameters such as coagulant dose, temperature, and pH, on NOM and turbidity removal. It also reviews up-to-date PCPs biophysical properties and CF mechanism and examines the efficiency of their extraction methods in reducing NOM. Finally, it discusses and suggests ways to overcome commercialisation draw-back caused by nutrient addition.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18638
Version
Accepted manuscript
Citation
Okoro BU, Sharifi S, Jesson MA and Bridgeman J (2021) Natural organic matter (NOM) and turbidity removal by plant-based coagulants: A review. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 9(6): 106588.
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.106588
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