Loading...
Health-risk assessment for roof-harvested rainwater via QMRA in Ikorodu area, Lagos, Nigeria
John, Chukwuemeka K. Moruzzi, R. Pandey, M.
John, Chukwuemeka K.
Moruzzi, R.
Pandey, M.
Publication Date
2021-09
End of Embargo
Supervisor
Rights
© 2021 The Authors. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY 4.0), which permits copying,
adaptation and redistribution, provided the original work is properly cited
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Peer-Reviewed
Yes
Open Access status
openAccess
Accepted for publication
2021-03-13
Institution
Department
Awarded
Embargo end date
Additional title
Abstract
This paper presents a study to assess the roof-harvested rainwater (RHRW) in the Ikorodu area of Lagos state, Nigeria, and recommends guidance to minimise the health risk for its households. The types, design and use of rainwater harvesting systems have been evaluated in the study area to inspect the human risk of exposure to Escherichia coli (E. coli). To achieve these objectives, a detailed survey involving 125 households has been conducted which showed that 25% of them drink RHRW. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) analysis has been used to quantify the risk of exposure to harmful E. coli from RHRW utilised as potable water, based on the ingestion of 2 L of rainwater per day per capita. Results have revealed that the maximum E. coli exposure risk from the consumption of RHRW, without application of any household water treatment technique (HHTTs) and with application of alum only, were 100 and 96 respectively, for the estimated number of infection risk per 10,000 exposed households per year. This estimation has been done based on 7% of E. coli as viable and harmful. Conclusively, it is necessary that a form of disinfectant be applied to the RHRW before use.
Version
Published version
Citation
John CK, Pu JH, Moruzzi R et al (2021) Health-risk assessment for roof-harvested rainwater via QMRA in Ikorodu area, Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Water and Climate Change. 12(6): 2479-2494.
Link to publisher’s version
Link to published version
Link to Version of Record
Type
Article