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Change over time in alcohol consumption in control groups in brief intervention studies: Systematic review and meta-regression study

Jenkins, R.J.
; 
McAlaney, John
; 
McCambridge, J.
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Publication Date
2009
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Keywords
Alcohol consumption, Systematic review, Brief intervention, Assessment reactivity, Behaviour change
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Peer-Reviewed
Yes
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closedAccess
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Social Sciences Publications
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Abstract
Reactivity to assessment has attracted recent attention in the brief alcohol intervention literature. This systematic review sought to examine the nature of change in alcohol consumption over time in control groups in brief intervention studies. Primary studies were identified from existing reviews published in English?language, peer?reviewed journals between 1995 and 2005. Change in alcohol consumption and selected study?level characteristics for each primary study were extracted. Consumption?change data were pooled using random?effects models, and meta?regression was used to explore predictors of change. Eleven review papers reported the results of 44 individual studies, 26 of which provided data suitable for quantitative analysis. Extreme heterogeneity was identified, and the extent of observed reductions in consumption over time was greater in studies undertaken in Anglophone countries, in studies with single?gender participants, and in studies without special age?targeting. Heterogeneity was reduced�but remained substantial�in a subset of 15 general?population studies conducted in English?language countries. The actual content of the control?group procedure was not predictive of reductions in drinking, nor were other candidate variables such as study setting, exclusion of dependent drinkers, collection of biological samples at follow?up, or study duration. Further investigations may yield novel insights into the nature of behaviour change, with potential implications for the design of brief interventions.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2817
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Accepted manuscript
Citation
Jenkins RJ, McAlaney J and McCambridge J (2009) Change over time in alcohol consumption in control groups in brief intervention studies: Systematic review and meta-regression study. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 100(1-2): 107 - 114.
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.09.016
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Article
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