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Energy use in buildings and design requirements. The energy costs and financial costs of building materials, structures and space heating, the detailed patterns of use of heating systems in dwellings, and their interactions: their implications for design.
Sansam, Robert Verdon
Sansam, Robert Verdon
Publication Date
2010-02-10T16:31:26Z
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The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a Creative Commons Licence.
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Accepted for publication
Institution
University of Bradford
Department
Postgraduate School of Studies in Science and Society.
Awarded
1981
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Abstract
The primary energy costs of building materials and structures
are discussed and comparisons are made between typical dwelling
types.
The economics of alternative wall, roof and floor constructions,
providing various levels of insulationy are examined. Costs are
assessed for a number of periods from 1970 to early 1980 for
heating by gas and night rate electricity. The effect of price
changes-on the economic attractiveness of insulation is
investigated and the likely effects of future price rises are
considered. It is concluded that, in certain circumstances,
higher levels of insulation than those normally used in the UK
have been economically attractive for the last few years and may
possibly become more so.
A survey of over fifty local authority houses with central
heating, carried out by the author in Spring 1978, is described.
Three types of houses of similar size were involved, having
gas-fired 'wet' systems, and ducted warm air heating from
electric storage and gas-fired units respectively. The survey
was designed to determine certain aspects of occupant behaviour
relevant to fuel consumption. Using regression techniques,
relationships are obtained which explain more than two thirds of
the variance of mean useful energy input rate between the houses
of a given type in cold weather in terms of hours of use of central
heating window opening habits, and for warm air heating, the
closing of outlet registers. It was also revealed that for the
house types with gas-fired heating the number of hours of use of
the central heating was strongly influenced by household size
and occupancy patterns.
The implications for building design of the effects of occupant
behaviour and of financial and energy costs are discussed.
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Type
Thesis
Qualification name
PhD