Age-differences in the free vertical moment during step descent
Jones, Stephen F. Johnson, Louise
Jones, Stephen F.
Johnson, Louise
Publication Date
2010-02
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Peer-Reviewed
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Open Access status
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closedAccess
Accepted for publication
2009-10-20
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Abstract
This study utilises a rarely examined biomechanical parameter – the free vertical moment to
determine age-related differences in rotational kinetics of the body about the vertical-axis when stepping
down from a stationary position.
Ten older and 10 young adults completed step-downs from three heights. Free vertical moment
impulse and peak during step-initiation double-support and the subsequent step-execution phase, and
vertical-axis pelvis angular displacement and velocity at instant of landing were compared.
The free vertical moment during double-support was directed away from the intended leadlimb
side, producing a change in vertical-axis rotational momentum that moved the lead-limb in a forwards-
medial direction about the stationary support/trailing limb during the subsequent step-execution
phase. The free vertical moment during step-execution was directed towards the lead-limb side and
acted to slow/halt the body’s vertical-axis rotation away from lead-limb side. Free vertical moment
impulse and peak during double-support were similar between groups (P > 0.05), but during step-execution
were significantly reduced in older adults (P = 0.002). As a result older adults had greater verticalaxis
pelvis angular displacement and velocity at instant of landing (directed away from lead-limb side),
with significant (P < 0.001) group-by-step height interactions indicating that differences between groups
became more pronounced with increasing step-height.
These findings highlight that older adults were unable to exert the same vertical-axis control
during single-support as young subjects did. Findings also highlight that the analysis of free vertical
moment data can be a useful biomechanical tool to highlight age-related differences in how steps/stairs
are negotiated.
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Citation
Buckley JG, Jones SF and Johnson L (2010) Age-differences in the free vertical moment during step descent. Clinical Biomechanics. 25(2): 147-153.
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