Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Publication

Sun exposure behaviour, seasonal vitamin D deficiency, and relationship to bone health in adolescents

Farrar, M.D.
Mughal, M.Z.
Adams, Jenny E.
Wilkinson, J.
Berry, J.L.
Edwards, Lisa
Kift, R.
Marjanovic, E.
Vail, A.
Webb, A.R.
... show 1 more
Publication Date
2016-08-01
End of Embargo
Supervisor
Rights
© 2016 by the Endocrine Society. Reproduced in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism following peer review. The definitive publisherauthenticated version [Farrar MD, Mughal MZ, Adams JE et al (2016) Sun exposure behaviour, seasonal vitamin D deficiency, and relationship to bone health in adolescents. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 101(8): 3105-3113.] is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-1559
Peer-Reviewed
Yes
Open Access status
openAccess
Accepted for publication
2016-05-20
Institution
Department
Awarded
Embargo end date
Additional title
Abstract
Context: Vitamin D is essential for bone health in adolescence, where there is rapid bone mineral content accrual. As cutaneous sun-exposure provides vitamin D, there is no recommended oral intake for UK adolescents. Assess seasonal vitamin D status and its contributors in white Caucasian adolescents, and examine bone health in those found deficient. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Six schools in Greater Manchester, UK. Participants: 131 adolescents, 12–15 years. Intervention(s): Seasonal assessment of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), personal sunexposure and dietary vitamin D. Adolescents deficient (25OHD <10 ng/mL/25 nmol/L) in ≥one season underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (lumbar spine, femoral neck), with bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) correction for size, and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (distal radius) for volumetric (v)BMD. Main Outcome Measure: Serum 25OHD; BMD. Results: Mean 25OHD was highest in September: 24.1 (SD 6.9) ng/mL and lowest in January: 15.5 (5.9) ng/mL. Over the year, 16% were deficient in ≥one season and 79% insufficient (25OHD <20 ng/mL/50 nmol/L) including 28% in September. Dietary vitamin D was low year-round while personal sun-exposure was seasonal and predominantly across the school week. Holidays accounted for 17% variation in peak 25OHD (p<0.001). Nineteen adolescents underwent bone assessment, which showed low femoral neck BMAD versus matched reference data (p=0.0002), 3 with Z≤ -2.0 distal radius trabecular vBMD. Conclusions: Sun-exposure levels failed to provide adequate vitamin D, ~one-quarter adolescents insufficient even at summer-peak. Seasonal vitamin D deficiency was prevalent and those affected had low BMD. Recommendations on vitamin D acquisition are indicated in this age-group.
Version
Accepted manuscript
Citation
Farrar MD, Mughal MZ, Adams JE et al (2016) Sun exposure behaviour, seasonal vitamin D deficiency, and relationship to bone health in adolescents. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 101(8): 3105-3113.
Link to publisher’s version
Link to published version
Link to Version of Record
Type
Article
Qualification name
Notes