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Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy and Mechanisms of Resistance
Ramirez, Y.P. Weatherbee, J.L. Wheelhouse, Richard T. Ross, A.H.
Ramirez, Y.P.
Weatherbee, J.L.
Wheelhouse, Richard T.
Ross, A.H.
Publication Date
25/11/2013
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© 2013 Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Peer-Reviewed
Yes
Open Access status
openAccess
Accepted for publication
12/11/2013
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a grade IV brain tumor characterized by a heterogeneous population of cells that are highly infiltrative, angiogenic and resistant to chemotherapy. The current standard of care, comprised of surgical resection followed by radiation and the chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide, only provides patients with a 12–14 month survival period post-diagnosis. Long-term survival for GBM patients remains uncommon as cells with intrinsic or acquired resistance to treatment repopulate the tumor. In this review we will describe the mechanisms of resistance, and how they may be overcome to improve the survival of GBM patients by implementing novel chemotherapy drugs, new drug combinations and new approaches relating to DNA damage, angiogenesis and autophagy.
Version
Accepted manuscript
Citation
Ramirez YP, Weatherbee JL, Wheelhouse RT and Ross AH (2013) Glioblastoma Multiforme Therapy and Mechanisms of Resistance. Pharmaceuticals. 6(12): 1475-1506.
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Article