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Modelling and Simulation of Carbon Dioxide Transportation in Pipelines: Effects of Impurities

Peletiri, Suoton P.
Publication Date
2020
End of Embargo
Supervisor
Rahmanian, Nejat
Mujtaba, Iqbal
Keywords
CO2 pipelines, Carbon capture transportation and storage (CCTS), CO2 pipeline pressure drop, CO2 pipeline heat transfer, CO2 fluid impurities, CO2 phase envelope, Effect of impurities, Supercritical CO2, Subcritical CO2, Carbon dioxide
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Creative Commons License
The University of Bradford theses are licenced under a Creative Commons Licence.
Peer-Reviewed
Open Access status
Accepted for publication
Institution
University of Bradford
Department
Faculty of Engineering and Informatics
Awarded
2020
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PhD Thesis
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Abstract
Carbon dioxide capture, transportation, and storage has been identified as the most promising way to reduce anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) released into the atmosphere. Efforts made to achieve this purpose include the Paris (Climate) Accord. This agreement seeks to encourage countries to take the issue of rising global temperatures seriously. With nearly all countries signing this agreement, many CCTS projects are expected. Pipelines are employed in the transportation of CO2. CO2 fluids contain impurities that affect the fluid properties and flow dynamics, but pipelines are mostly designed assuming that the CO2 fluid is pure. CO2 pipeline fluids contain at least 90 % CO2 with the balance made up of impurities. The impurities include nitrogen, methane, oxygen, hydrogen, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide, ammonia, argon, etc. The effects of the impurities are studied using simulation software; Aspen HYSYS, gPROMS and HydraFlash. The results show that all impurities impacted negatively on transportation. At equal concentrations, hydrogen had the greatest effect on fluid properties and hydrogen sulphide the least impact. At the specified allowable concentration, nitrogen had the worst effect on pressure loss (32.1 %) in horizontal pipeline, density, and critical pressure. Carbon monoxide (with only 0.2-mol %) had the smallest effect in pressure drop (0.3 %). Analysis of supercritical and subcritical (or liquid) CO2 fluid transportation shows that subcritical fluids have higher densities (more volume transported) and lower pressure losses than supercritical fluids. Subcritical fluid transportation would therefore have lower pipeline transportation costs than supercritical fluids. Also, soil heat conductivity has greater effect than ambient temperature in buried pipelines. Simple equations that approximate binary CO2 fluid properties from pure CO2 properties were developed and presented.
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http://hdl.handle.net/10454/19190
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Thesis
Qualification name
PhD
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