Regulated Proenkephalin Expression in Human Skin and Cultured Skin Cells.
Slominski, A.T. Zmijewski, M.A. Zbytek, B. Brozyna, A.A. Granese, J. Pisarchik, A. Szczesniewski, A. Tobin, Desmond J.
Slominski, A.T.
Zmijewski, M.A.
Zbytek, B.
Brozyna, A.A.
Granese, J.
Pisarchik, A.
Szczesniewski, A.
Tobin, Desmond J.
Publication Date
2011
End of Embargo
Supervisor
Rights
Peer-Reviewed
Yes
Open Access status
closedAccess
Accepted for publication
2010-11
Institution
Department
Awarded
Embargo end date
Collections
Additional title
Abstract
Skin responds to environmental stressors via coordinated actions of the local neuroimmunoendocrine system. Although some of these responses involve opioid receptors, little is known about cutaneous proenkephalin expression, its environmental regulation, and alterations in pathology. The objective of this study was to assess regulated expression of proenkephalin in normal and pathological skin and in isolated melanocytes, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and melanoma cells. The proenkephalin gene and protein were expressed in skin and cultured cells, with significant expression in fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Mass spectroscopy confirmed Leu- and Met-enkephalin in skin. UVR, Toll-like receptor (TLR)4, and TLR2 agonists stimulated proenkephalin gene expression in melanocytes and keratinocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In situ Met/Leu-enkephalin peptides were expressed in differentiating keratinocytes of the epidermis in the outer root sheath of the hair follicle, in myoepithelial cells of the eccrine gland, and in the basement membrane/basal lamina separating epithelial and mesenchymal components. Met/Leu-enkephalin expression was altered in pathological skin, increasing in psoriasis and decreasing in melanocytic tumors. Not only does human skin express proenkephalin, but this expression is upregulated by stressful stimuli and can be altered by pathological conditions.
Version
No full-text in the repository
Citation
Slominski AT, Zmijewski MA, Zbytek B, Brozyna AA, Granese J, Pisarchik A, Szczesniewski A, Tobin DJ (2011)
Regulated proenkephalin expression in human skin and cultured skin cells. Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 131(3): 613-22.
Link to publisher’s version
Link to published version
Link to Version of Record
Type
Article